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Dahshan - TCOM5272Ī switch is simply a multi-port bridge, making forwarding decisions based on MAC addresses Like a bridge, segmenting a LAN with a switch creates more collision domains Replacing hubs with switches therefore decreases congestion and increases available bandwidth M. Dahshan - TCOM5272ġ9 Broadcast Domains Group of devices that can receive layer2 broadcastsĮthernet address FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF Devices can communicate to each other without going through a router M. Dahshan - TCOM5272ġ8 Bridge Operation Three frame scenariosĭestination on same segment as source Bridge drops frame, since no forwarding needed Destination on another segment known to bridge Bridge transmits frame to the known segment only Destination segment not known to bridge Bridge transmits frame to all segments but source M.
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Dahshan - TCOM5272īridges “learn” a network’s segmentation by building address tables that contain: Bridge interface that will reach that device Each device’s MAC address M. Dahshan - TCOM5272ġ6 Bridges Network devices connecting LAN segmentsĮxtend LAN when maximum connection limit reached Example: the 30-node limit on an Ethernet bus Extend a LAN beyond the length limit Example: beyond 185 meters for thinnet segment Segment LANs to reduce data traffic bottlenecks Prevent unauthorized access to a LAN M. Dahshan - TCOM5272ġ5 LAN Segmentation By segmenting a LAN fewer devices are sharing the same bandwidth Improved performance of a shared media LAN Each segment is considered its own collision domain M. Dahshan - TCOM5272Ĭomputer to Switch Use straight-through cable Switch to Switch/Router Use crossover cable Computer to Computer M. Pins 1,2 Transmit Data Pins 3,6 Receive Data Hub/Switch/Router Pins 1,2 Receive Data Pins 3,6 Transmit Data M. Dahshan - TCOM5272ġ3 Ethernet Connections Computer NIC Hub/Switch/Router Dahshan - TCOM5272īecause both nodes can transmit and receive at the same time, there are no negotiations for bandwidth 100% of bandwidth is available: 10 Mbps increases to 20 Mbps of potential throughput 10 Mbps TX & 10 Mbps RX M.
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Requires using two pairs of wires in the cable and a switched connection between each node Connection is considered point-to-point and is collision free M. Dahshan - TCOM5272ġ1 Full-Duplex Ethernet Transmission and the reception at the same time Dahshan - TCOM5272ġ0 Collision Domains Group of Ethernet devices connected by repeaters (or repeater hubs) Only one device can transmit at a time Simultaneous transmissions result in a collision M. Most important are: receive (RX), transmit (TX), and collision detection bandwidth usage = 50% to 60% M. Dahshan - TCOM5272ĩ Half-Duplex Ethernet Only one host can transmit at a time because the NIC needs to listen for collisions The NIC provides several circuits. Dahshan - TCOM5272Ĩ Repeaters (3) Benefits of Using a RepeaterĪ layer 1 device that cleans up and boosts the signal extends the coverage area of a LAN segment Negative Effects of Using a Repeater increases the collision domain size increases the broadcast domain size can’t filter traffic based on Layer 2 or 3 addressing M. Dahshan - TCOM5272ħ Repeaters (2) Filter out signal disturbance caused by EMI and RFIĪmplify and reshape incoming signal Retime the signal (in Ethernet applications) Reproduce the signal on all cable runs M.
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Retransmit incoming signal to all other segments Cable segment is run within IEEE specifications Ethernet segment in star-bus network Repeater hub is a multiport repeater M. Dahshan - TCOM5272Ħ Repeaters Connect two or more cable segments Dahshan - TCOM5272ĥ Ethernet 802.3 (2) Negative effects of a shared LANīroadcast delivery of all frames CSMA/CD: collisions are inherent distance limitation requires using repeaters to extend M.
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Used to transport data between devices connected to the same delivery medium Uses a data frame broadcast method Frame is sent to the entire bus, intended destination processes the frame, while all other devices discard it M. Dahshan - TCOM5272Ĥ Ethernet/802.3 Most common LAN architecture Anindya Das Textbook supplemental material CCNA Intro Exam Certification Guide M. Dahshan - TCOM5272Ģ Acknowledgements Some notes and figures in this presentation are imported from Notes by Dr. Mostafa Dahshan OU-Tulsa 4W 2nd floor 660-3713 5272 Telecomm Lab Dr.